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AWS DynamoDB vs MongoDB Differences


In this post , we will explore AWS DynamoDB vs MongoDB Differences. Both are very popular No Sql databases with lots of features. However we need to understand the differences in terms of their functionality so as to pick one appropriately. The details been explained in the video and the notes are given below.  

1. Managed or Self-Managed:

DynamoDB is from AWS Ecosystem. DynamoDB is a fully managed AWS service. Server update, patch update, SSD replacement , hardware provisioning etc. all are managed by AWS. MongoDB is Open Source and can be deployed anywhere. MongoDB is self-managed . But also available as fully managed with MongoDB Atlas(Database as a Service).

2. Security:

DynamoDB provides out of the box security through AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) . Requests can be routed through a secured and authorized API gateway. MongoDB does not provide out of the box security.  

3. Database Structure:

DynamoDB uses tables, items and attributes as the core components. Table --> Collection of items ---> Collection of attributes.   MongoDB uses JSON-like documents which are schema-free. Comprises of Collection , Key, Value and Document In MongoDB, collections of documents does not need predefined structure. MongoDB is comparable to a Traditional RDBMS system Collections (MongoDB) =~ Tables(RDBMS)  

4. Use of Index:

DynamoDB uses primary keys & secondary indexes. In DynamoDB, you can create secondary index like in RDBMS. But DynamoDB does not have a query optimizer - hence secondary index is only used when querying or scanning. DynamoDB indexes are immutable.   MongoDB: Indexes are preferred and if an index is not present, every document within the collection is searched to select the documents requested by the query. This exercise slows down the read process. MongoDB supports mutable indexes - this allows the structure of document to be changed dynamically.  

5. Programming Language:

DynamoDB is written in Java . It supports programming languages like - Java, JavaScript, Swift, Node.js, .NET, PHP, Python etc.   MongoDB is written in C++. It supports programming languages like - C, C++, Go, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, PowerShell, Python, R, Ruby, Scala etc.  

6. Data Type & Size Restriction:

DynamoDB has limited support for data types. Items are restricted to 400 KB and if exceeded AWS charges do apply significantly.   MongoDB supports document size up to 16MB.  

7. Industry Use:

DynamoDB is used in the gaming & IoT industry.   MongoDB is used in Real-time analytics, mobile apps, CMS system and IoT applications. Good for scalability and caching.  

8. Freedom & Application Lock-In:

DynamoDB has vendor lock-in as it is within AWS ecosystem. Not ideal for modifications and multi cloud approach.   MongoDB is open-source - so does not have vendor lock-in.  

9. Data Aggregation and Analysis:

In DynamoDB data analysis or aggregation might require usage of other AWS services - this might incur cost and latency.   MongoDB facilitates querying, analysis and aggregation of data in many ways without additional cost thereby supporting various performance metrics , optimization and tuning.    

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